Keep far away from a false charge (Exodus 23:7).

An example of a false charge was the case brought before Solomon in which two women who lived in the same house had given birth at the same time. One of the women rolled over on her child in her sleep and killed it, but then exchanged it with the child of the other women while she slept (1 Kgs 3:15-27). This 1st-century fresco depicts that event, with Solomon sitting on a judgment platform as the women appear before him. This fresco comes from the House of the Doctor at Pompeii.

Six days you shall do your work (Exodus 23:12).

One of the most constant, necessary, and menial tasks in the ancient world was grinding grain. The tools used for this task in Moses’s day were the same as they had been for centuries: a small, hand-held stone was used on a larger flat stone to crush and grind the grain. These two stones together were referred to as the handmill, or “millstones.” The model shown here demonstrates how this common task was accomplished. This statue was photographed at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts.

Three times in the year you shall observe a feast to me (Exodus 23:14).

Deuteronomy 16:16 will later specify that all Israelite men are to observe these three feasts “in the place which he chooses.” Thus Israelite men were required to journey to the tabernacle and later to the temple. The Jewish people continue to observe this practice today, though the temple is not standing and sacrifices are not possible. This photograph shows Jewish men and women gathered at the public assembly area closest to where the temple once stood during the third of the three pilgrimage festivals.

The best of the firstfruits of your ground you shall bring in to the house of the Lord your God (Exodus 23:19).

Since the firstfruits were to be brought to the house of the Lord each year, it would seem that they were either immediately distributed among the priests and taken away, or else some kind of storage facilities were constructed, even though they do not appear to have ever been mentioned. King Herod later constructed large storehouses for his own provision at the fortress of Masada.

You shall not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk (Exodus 23:19).

This relief depicts men cooking cuts of meat in a large pot. Additional cuts of meat in additional pots are shown in a line above them. This meat likely comes from a cow rather than a goat, but it illustrates the idea of simmering meat in a liquid. This relief comes from the Tomb Chapel of Raemkai at Saqqara and was photographed in The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.